Full article: Gut microbes with the gbu genes determine TMAO production from L carnitine intake and serve as a biomarker for precision nutrition Identification of TMAO producer phenotype and hostdietgut dysbiosis by carnitine challenge test in human and germ free mice Gut Carnitine, Choline, Cancer, & Cholesterol: The TMAO Connection Comparison of short term and long term effects of peroral L carnitine intake: clinical implications of elevated TMAO levels in cardiovascular complications Frontiers Effects of choline metabolitetrimethylamine N oxide on immunometabolism in inflammatory bowel disease Acetyl L Carnitine Confident Health